We also depart from editorial tradition in sometimes admitting uncertainty and thus printing permissive stage directions, such as an Aside? (often a line may be equally effective as an aside or a direct address—it is for each production or reading to make its own decision) or a may exit or a piece of business placed between arrows to indicate that it may occur at various different moments within a scene.

Line Numbers are editorial, for reference and to key the explanatory and textual notes.

Explanatory Notes explain allusions and gloss obsolete and difficult words, confusing phraseology, occasional major textual cruces, and so on. Particular attention is given to nonstandard usage, bawdy innuendo, and technical terms (e.g. legal and military language). Where more than one sense is given, commas indicate shades of related meaning, slashes alternative or double meanings.

Textual Notes take the following form: the reading of our text is given in bold and its source given after an equals sign. “Q” signifies a reading from the First Quarto of 1609, “Q2” a correction introduced in the Second Quarto text of 1609, “Q3” one from the Third Quarto text of 1611, “Q4” one from the Fourth Quarto text of 1619, “Q5” one from the Fifth Quarto text of 1630, “F3” a correction from the Third Folio text, second issue, of 1664, “F4” a correction from the Fourth Folio text of 1685, “PA” a reading in George Wilkins’ novel The Painfull Adventures of Pericles, Prince of Tyre (1608), and “Ed” one introduced by a later editor. Thus, for example: “1.1.25 boundless = Ed. Q = bondlesse” indicates that at Act 1 Scene 1 line 25 we have accepted the editorial correction “boundless,” which makes better contextual sense within the line, “To compass such a boundless happiness.”

KEY FACTS

MAJOR PARTS: (with percentage of lines/number of speeches/scenes onstage) Pericles (25%/121/10), Gower (13%/8/8), Marina (8%/63/5), Simonides (6%/42/3), Helicanus (5%/37/5), Cleon (5%/19/3), Cerimon (4%/23/3), Lysimachus (4%/40/2), Bawd (4%/43/2), Dionyza (4%/19/4), Thaisa (3%/32/6), Bolt (3%/38/2), Antiochus (3%/12/1).

LINGUISTIC MEDIUM: 80% verse, 20% prose.

DATE: 1608. Registered for publication May 1608; Wilkins’ novel The Painfull Adventures of Pericles, cashing in on the success of the play, published 1608; performance seen by Venetian and French ambassadors, probably between April and July 1608. Frequency of editions and subsequent allusions suggest that the play was a considerable popular success.

SOURCES: Based primarily on the story of Apollonius of Tyre (an ancient romance) in book 8 of John Gower’s fourteenth-century poem Confessio Amantis; some use of Lawrence Twine’s version of the same story in the 1607 novella The Patterne of Painefull Aduentures, which was also borrowed from extensively by Wilkins in his novelization of the play.

TEXT: Not in the First Folio, perhaps because the editors knew that Shakespeare contributed only the second half. Added to the second issue of the Third Folio (1664), together with a number of “apocryphal” plays. Though originally registered in 1608 by Edward Blount, who would eventually publish the Folio, Pericles appeared in Quarto in 1609 under the imprint of a different publisher, with the title THE LATE, and much admired Play, called Pericles, Prince of Tyre. With the true Relation of the whole Historie, aduentures, and fortunes of the said Prince: As also, The no lesse strange, and worthy accidents, in the Birth and Life, of his Daughter MARIANA. As it hath been diuers and sundry times acted by his Maiesties Seruants, at the Globe on the Banckside. By William Shakespeare. The printing is of poor quality, with many corruptions and incomprehensible sequences, thus requiring more editorial intervention than is necessary in any Folio play. Wilkins’ novelization assists in the interpretation of some passages, but since we do not know the exact status of his treatment in relation to Shakespeare’s, it is unsafe to incorporate its readings into the text, as some editors have done. The Quarto went through six editions (two in 1609 alone), attesting to the play’s popularity. The Sixth Quarto of 1635, together with the 1634 Quarto of The Two Noble Kinsmen, may have been intended to supplement the 1632 Second Folio.

PERICLES

LIST OF PARTS

GOWER, the Chorus

PERICLES, Prince of Tyre

MARINA, his daughter

Antioch

ANTIOCHUS, King of Antioch

Antiochus’ DAUGHTER

THALIARD, a lord

MESSENGER

Tyre

FIRST LORD

SECOND LORD

HELICANUS, a grave and wise counselor

ESCANES, an old counselor

THIRD LORD

Tarsus

CLEON, governor of Tarsus

DIONYZA, Cleon’s wife

LORD

OTHER TARSIANS

LEONINE

FIRST PIRATE

SECOND PIRATE

THIRD PIRATE

Pentapolis

FIRST FISHERMAN, the master

SECOND FISHERMAN

THIRD FISHERMAN

SIMONIDES, King of Pentapolis

THAISA, Simonides’ daughter

FIRST KNIGHT, of Sparta

SECOND KNIGHT, of Macedon

THIRD KNIGHT, of Antioch

FOURTH KNIGHT

FIFTH KNIGHT

FIRST LORD

SECOND LORD

THIRD LORD

MARSHAL

On the ship

FIRST SAILOR, the ship’s master

SECOND SAILOR

LYCHORIDA, Marina’s nurse

Ephesus

Lord CERIMON

PHILEMON, his attendant

FIRST SERVANT

A survivor of the storm

FIRST GENTLEMAN

SECOND GENTLEMAN

CERIMON’S SERVANT

DIANA, goddess of chastity

Mytilene

PANDER

BAWD, pander’s wife

BOLT, pander and bawd’s servant

FIRST GENTLEMAN

SECOND GENTLEMAN

LYSIMACHUS, governor of Mytilene

SAILOR OF TYRE

SAILOR OF MYTILENE

FIRST GENTLEMAN, of Tyre

LORD, of Mytilene

Marina’s companion

Followers, Attendants, Gentlemen, Messengers, Lords, Servants, Priests of Diana

[Prologue]

running scene 1

Enter Gower

GOWER    To sing a song that old1 was sung

    From ashes ancient2 Gower is come,

    Assuming man’s infirmities3

    To glad your ear and please your eyes.

    It hath been sung at festivals,

    On ember eves and holidays6,

    And lords and ladies in their lives

    Have read it for restoratives8.

    The purchase is to make men glorious9,

    Et bonum quo antiquius eo melius10.

    If you — born in these latter times,

    When wit’s more ripe12 — accept my rhymes,

    And that to hear an old man sing

    May to your wishes pleasure bring,

    I life would wish15, and that I might

    Waste it for you like taper light16.

    This Antioch17, then: Antiochus the great

    Built up this city for his chiefest seat18

    The fairest in all Syria.

    I tell you what mine authors20 say:

    This king unto him took a peer21,

    Who died and left a female heir,

    So buxom, blithe and full of face

    As23 heaven had lent her all his grace,

    With whom the father liking25 took

    And her to incest did provoke:

    Bad child, worse father, to entice his own

    To evil should be done by none.

    But custom29 what they did begin

    Was with long use account’30 no sin.

    The beauty of this sinful dame

    Made many princes thither frame32

    To seek her as a bedfellow,

    In marriage pleasures, playfellow,

    Which to prevent he made a law

    To keep her still, and men in awe36:

    That whoso asked her for37 his wife,

    His riddle told not38, lost his life.

Points to the heads on display above, or reveals them

    So for her many a wight39 did die,

    As yon grim looks40 do testify.

    What now ensues, to the judgement of your eye

    I give my cause, who best can justify.42

Exit

[Act 1 Scene 1]

running scene 1 continues

Enter Antiochus, Prince Pericles and Followers

ANTIOCHUS    Young Prince of Tyre, you have at large received1

    The danger of the task you undertake?

PERICLES    I have, Antiochus, and with a soul

    Emboldened with the glory of her praise

    Think death no hazard in this enterprise.

Music plays

ANTIOCHUS    Music!

    Bring in our daughter, clothèd like a bride

    For embracements even of Jove8 himself,

    At whose conception, till Lucina9 reigned,

    Nature this dowry gave: to glad her presence10

    The senate house11 of planets all did sit,

    To knit in her their best perfections12.

Enter Antiochus’ Daughter

PERICLES    See where she comes, apparelled like the spring13,

    Graces her subjects14, and her thoughts the king

    Of every virtue gives renown15 to men:

    Her face the book of praises16, where is read

    Nothing but curious pleasures, as17 from thence

    Sorrow were ever razed, and testy18 wrath

    Could never be her mild companion19.

    You gods that made me man and sway20 in love,

    That have inflamed desire in my breast

    To taste the fruit of yon22 celestial tree

    Or die in the adventure, be my helps,

    As I am son and servant to your will,

    To compass25 such a boundless happiness.

ANTIOCHUS    Prince Pericles—

PERICLES    That would be son27 to great Antiochus.

ANTIOCHUS    Before thee stands this fair Hesperides,

    With golden fruit, but dangerous to be touched,29

    For deathlike dragons30 here affright thee hard.

    Her face, like heaven, enticeth thee to view

    Her countless glory, which desert32 must gain,

    And which without desert, because thine eye

    Presumes to reach, all the whole heap34 must die.

Points to the heads

    Yon sometimes35 famous princes, like thyself

    Drawn by report, adventurous36 by desire,

    Tell thee with speechless tongues and semblance37 pale

    That without covering save yon38 field of stars

    Here they stand, martyrs slain in Cupid’s wars,

    And with dead cheeks advise thee to desist

    From going on death’s net41, whom none resist.

PERICLES    Antiochus, I thank thee, who hath taught

    My frail mortality43 to know itself,

    And by those fearful objects44 to prepare

    This body, like to them, to what I must:

    For death remembered46 should be like a mirror

    Who tells us life’s but breath47, to trust it error.

    I’ll make my will, then, and as sick men do

    Who know the world, see heaven, but feeling woe

    Grip not at earthly joys as erst they did.50

    So I bequeath a happy peace to you

    And all good men, as every prince should do,

    My riches to the earth from whence they came,—

To Daughter

    But my unspotted54 fire of love to you.—

To Antiochus

    Thus ready for the way of life or death,

    I wait the sharpest blow.

Gives Pericles the riddle

ANTIOCHUS    Scorning advice, read the conclusion57 then,

    Which read and not expounded, ’tis decreed,

    As these59 before thee, thou thyself shalt bleed.

To Pericles

DAUGHTER    Of all ’ssayed60 yet, mayst thou prove prosperous,

    Of all ’ssayed yet, I wish thee happiness.

PERICLES    Like a bold champion I assume the lists62,

    Nor63 ask advice of any other thought

    But faithfulness and courage.

Reads

The riddle

    ‘I am no viper, yet I feed65

    On mother’s flesh which did me breed.

    I sought a husband, in which labour67

    I found that kindness68 in a father.

    He’s father, son and husband mild,

    I mother, wife and yet his child:

    How they may be, and yet in two71,

    As you will live resolve it you.’

Aside

    Sharp physic is the last73!— But O, you powers

    That gives heaven countless eyes74 to view men’s acts,

    Why cloud they not their sights75 perpetually

    If this be true, which makes me pale to read it?—

To Daughter

    Fair glass of light77, I loved you, and could still

    Were not this glorious casket78 stored with ill.

    But I must tell you, now my thoughts revolt,

    For he’s no man on whom perfections wait80,

    That knowing sin within will touch the gate81.

    You are a fair viol, and your sense82 the strings,

    Who, fingered to make man his lawful music83,

    Would draw heaven down, and all the gods to hearken.

    But being played upon85 before your time,

    Hell only danceth at so harsh a chime86.

    Good sooth87, I care not for you.

Pericles gestures towards the Daughter

ANTIOCHUS    Prince Pericles, touch not, upon thy life,

    For that’s an article89 within our law

    As dangerous as the rest. Your time’s expired:

    Either expound now or receive your sentence.

PERICLES    Great king,

    Few love to hear the sins they love to act,

    ’Twould braid94 yourself too near for me to tell it.

    Who95 has a book of all that monarchs do,

    He’s more secure to keep it shut than shown.

    For vice repeated is like the wandering wind

    Blows dust in others’ eyes to spread itself.98

    And yet the end of all is bought thus dear,

    The breath is gone and the sore eyes see clear

    To stop the air would hurt them.101 The blind mole casts

    Copped hills towards heaven, to tell the earth is thronged102

    By man’s oppression, and the poor worm103 doth die for’t.

    Kings are earth’s gods: in vice, their law’s their will,

    And if Jove stray, who dares say Jove doth ill?

    It is enough you know, and it is fit,

    What being more known grows worse, to smother it107.

    All love the womb that their first being bred,

    Then give my tongue like leave109 to love my head.

Aside

ANTIOCHUS    Heaven, that I had thy head! He has found the meaning,

To Pericles

    But I will gloze with111 him.— Young prince of Tyre,

    Though by the tenor of your strict edict112,

    Your exposition113 misinterpreting,

    We might proceed to cancel of114 your days,

    Yet hope, succeeding from so fair a tree

    As your fair self, doth tune us otherwise116.

    Forty days longer we do respite you,

    If by which time our secret be undone118,

    This mercy shows we’ll joy119 in such a son.

    And until then your entertain120 shall be

    As doth befit our honour and your worth.

[Exeunt.] Pericles remains alone

PERICLES    How courtesy would seem to122 cover sin,

    When what is done is like an hypocrite,

    The which is good in nothing but in sight124.

    If it be true that I interpret false,

    Then were it certain you were not so bad

    As with foul incest to abuse your soul:

    Where now you’re both a father and a son

    By your untimely129 claspings with your child —

    Which pleasures fits a husband, not a father —

    And she an eater of her mother’s flesh

    By the defiling of her parents’ bed.

    And both like serpents are, who though they feed

    On sweetest flowers, yet they poison breed.134

    Antioch farewell, for wisdom sees those men135

    Blush not in actions blacker than the night

    Will ’schew no course to keep them from the light137.

    One sin, I know, another doth provoke:

    Murder’s as near to lust as flame to smoke.

    Poison and treason are the hands of sin —

    Ay, and the targets to put off141 the shame.

    Then lest my life be cropped, to keep you clear142,

    By flight, I’ll shun the danger which I fear.

Exit

Enter Antiochus

ANTIOCHUS    He hath found the meaning,

    For which we mean to have his head:

    He must not live to trumpet forth146 my infamy,

    Nor tell the world Antiochus doth sin

    In such a loathèd manner.

    And therefore instantly this prince must die,

    For by his fall my honour must keep high.

    Who attends us there?

Enter Thaliard151

THALIARD    Doth your highness call?

ANTIOCHUS    Thaliard, you are of our chamber153, Thaliard,

    And our mind partakes154 her private actions

    To your secrecy, and for your faithfulness

    We will advance you, Thaliard.

    Behold, here’s poison and here’s gold:

    We hate the Prince of Tyre, and thou must kill him.

    It fits thee not to ask the reason why:

    Because we bid it. Say, is it done?

THALIARD    My lord, ’tis done.

Enter a Messenger

running

ANTIOCHUS    Enough.—

To Messenger

    Let your breath cool yourself, telling your haste163.

MESSENGER    My lord, Prince Pericles is fled. [Exit]

To Thaliard

ANTIOCHUS    As thou wilt live, fly after, and like an arrow

    Shot from a well experienced archer hits

    The mark his eye doth level167 at,

    So thou never return unless thou say

    Prince Pericles is dead.

THALIARD    My lord, if I can get him within my pistol’s length170

    I’ll make him sure171 enough, so farewell to your highness.

ANTIOCHUS    Thaliard adieu.— Till Pericles be dead,

[Exit Thaliard]

    My heart can lend no succour to my head173.

[Exit]

[Act 1 Scene 2]

running scene 2

Enter Pericles with his Lords

PERICLES    Let none disturb us!

[Exeunt the Lords]

    Why should this change of thoughts2,

    The sad companion, dull-eyed3 melancholy,

    Be my so used a guest as4 not an hour

    In the day’s glorious walk5 or peaceful night,

    The tomb where grief should sleep, can breed me quiet6?

    Here pleasures court mine eyes and mine eyes shun them,

    And danger which I feared is at Antioch,

    Whose arm seems far too short to hit me here.

    Yet neither pleasure’s art can joy my spirits10,

    Nor yet the other’s11 distance comfort me.

    Then it is thus: the passions of the mind12,

    That have their first conception by misdread13,

    Have after-nourishment and life by care14,

    And what was first but fear what might be done,

    Grows elder now, and cares16 it be not done.

    And so with me. The great Antiochus,

    Gainst whom I am too little to contend,

    Since he’s so great can make his will his act19,

    Will think me speaking though I swear to silence.

    Nor boots it me21 to say ‘I honour’,

    If he suspect I may dishonour him.

    And what may make him blush in being known,

    He’ll stop the course24 by which it might be known.

    With hostile forces he’ll o’erspread the land,

    And with th’ostent26 of war will look so huge,

    Amazement27 shall drive courage from the state,

    Our men be vanquished ere28 they do resist,

    And subjects punished that ne’er thought offence29.

    Which care of them, not pity of myself,

    Who am no more but as the tops of trees,

    Which fence the roots they grow by and defend them,32

    Makes both my body pine and soul to languish,

    And punish that before that he would punish34.

Enter [Helicanus and] all the Lords to Pericles

FIRST LORD    Joy and all comfort in your sacred breast.

SECOND LORD    And keep your mind peaceful and comfortable.

HELICANUS    Peace, peace, and give experience tongue37!

    They do abuse the king that flatter him,

    For flattery is the bellows blows up39 sin,

    The thing the which is flattered, but a spark

    To which that breath41 gives heat, and stronger

    Glowing, whereas reproof, obedient and in order42,

    Fits kings as they are men, for they may err.

    When Signior Sooth44 here does proclaim ‘peace’,

    He flatters you, makes war upon your life45.

    Prince, pardon me, or strike me if you please,

Kneels

    I cannot be much lower than my knees.

To Lords

PERICLES    All leave us else, but let your cares o’erlook48

    What shipping, and what lading’s49 in our haven,

    And then return to us.— Helicanus,

[Exeunt Lords]

    Thou hast moved51 us, what see’st thou in our looks?

HELICANUS    An angry brow52, dread lord.

PERICLES    If there be such a dart53 in princes’ frowns,

    How durst thy tongue move54 anger to our face?

HELICANUS    How dares the plants look up to heaven,

    From whence they have their nourishment?

PERICLES    Thou know’st I have power to take thy life from thee.

HELICANUS    I have ground58 the axe myself,

    Do but you strike the blow.

Helicanus rises

PERICLES    Rise, prithee rise! Sit down. Thou art no flatterer,

    I thank thee for’t, and heaven forbid

    That kings should let their ears hear their faults hid62.

    Fit63 counsellor and servant for a prince,

    Who by thy wisdom makes a prince thy servant,

    What wouldst thou have me do?

HELICANUS    To bear with patience

    Such griefs as you do lay upon yourself.

PERICLES    Thou speak’st like a physician, Helicanus,

    That ministers69 a potion unto me

    That thou wouldst tremble to receive thyself.

    Attend me71 then: I went to Antioch,

    Where, as thou know’st, against the face of death

    I sought the purchase73 of a glorious beauty

    From whence an issue74 I might propagate,

    Are arms to princes, and bring joys to subjects75.

    Her face was to mine eye beyond all wonder,

    The rest — hark in thine ear — as black as incest,

    Which by my knowledge found, the sinful father

    Seemed not to strike, but smooth79. But thou know’st this:

    ’Tis time to fear when tyrants seems to kiss.

    Which fear so grew in me I hither fled

    Under the covering of a careful82 night,

    Who83 seemed my good protector, and, being here,

    Bethought me what was past, what might succeed84.

    I knew him tyrannous, and tyrants’ fears

    Decrease not, but grow faster than the years.

    And should he doubt87 — as doubt no doubt he doth —

    That I should open to the list’ning air

    How many worthy princes’ bloods were shed

    To keep his bed of blackness unlaid ope90,

    To lop that doubt he’ll fill this land with arms91,

    And make pretence of wrong that I have done him,

    When all for mine — if I may call’t — offence93

    Must feel war’s blow, who94 spares not innocence.

    Which love to all of which thyself art one,

    Who now reproved’st96 me for’t—

HELICANUS    Alas, sir—

PERICLES    Drew sleep out of mine eyes, blood from my cheeks,

    Musings into my mind, with thousand doubts99

    How I might stop this tempest ere it came,

    And finding little comfort to relieve them,

    I thought it princely charity to grieve for them.

HELICANUS    Well, my lord, since you have given me leave to speak,

    Freely will I speak. Antiochus you fear —

    And justly too, I think, you fear the tyrant

    Who either by public war or private

    Treason will take away your life:

    Therefore, my lord, go travel for a while,

    Till that his rage and anger be forgot, or till

    The Destinies110 do cut his thread of life:

    Your rule direct111 to any, if to me,

    Day serves not light more faithful than I’ll be.

PERICLES    I do not doubt thy faith.

    But should he wrong my liberties114 in my absence?

HELICANUS    We’ll mingle our bloods together in the earth115

    From whence we had our being and our birth.

PERICLES    Tyre, I now look from thee then, and to Tarsus117

    Intend118 my travel, where I’ll hear from thee,

    And by whose letters I’ll dispose119 myself.

    The care I had and have of subjects’ good

    On thee I lay, whose wisdom’s strength can bear it.

    I’ll take thy word for faith, not ask thine oath122:

    Who123 shuns not to break one, will crack both.

    But in our orbs we’ll live so round124 and safe

    That time of both this truth shall ne’er convince125:

    Thou showed’st a subject’s shine126, I a true prince.

Exeunt

[Act 1 Scene 3]

running scene 2 continues

Enter Thaliard alone

THALIARD    So this is Tyre, and this the court. Here must I kill

    King Pericles, and if I do it not, I am sure to be hanged at

    home: ’tis dangerous. Well, I perceive he was a wise fellow,3

    and had good discretion, that being bid to ask what he would4

    of the king, desired he might know none of his secrets. Now

    do I see he had some reason for’t: for if a king bid a man be a

    villain, he’s bound by the indenture7 of his oath to be one.

Thaliard stands aside

    Husht8, here comes the lords of Tyre.

Enter Helicanus, Escanes, with other Lords

HELICANUS    You shall not need, my fellow peers of Tyre,

    Further to question me of your king’s departure:

    His sealed commission11 left in trust with me,

    Does speak sufficiently12 he’s gone to travel.

Aside

THALIARD    How? The king gone?

HELICANUS    If further yet you will be satisfied

    Why — as it were unlicensed of your loves15

    He would depart, I’ll give some light16 unto you.

    Being at Antioch—

Aside

THALIARD    What, from Antioch?

HELICANUS    Royal Antiochus, on what cause I know not,

    Took some displeasure at him — at least he judged so —

    And doubting lest21 he had erred or sinned,

    To show his sorrow, he’d correct22 himself:

    So puts himself unto the shipman’s toil23,

    With whom each minute threatens life or death.

Aside

THALIARD    Well, I perceive I shall not be hanged now

    although I would. But since he’s gone, the king’s ears this

    must please: he scaped the land to perish at the sea. I’ll27

Aloud

    present myself.— Peace to the lords of Tyre!

HELICANUS    Lord Thaliard from Antiochus is welcome.

THALIARD    From him I come with message unto princely

    Pericles, but since my landing I have understood your lord

    has betook himself to unknown travels, now message32 must

    return from whence it came.

HELICANUS    We have no reason to desire it34,

    Commended35 to our master, not to us,

    Yet ere you shall depart, this we desire:

    As friends to Antioch we may feast in Tyre.

Exeunt

[Act 1 Scene 4]

running scene 3

Enter Cleon the governor of Tarsus, with his wife [Dionyza] and others

CLEON    My Dionyza, shall we rest us here

    And by relating tales of others’ griefs

    See if ’twill teach us to forget our own?

DIONYZA    That were to blow at fire in hope to quench it.

    For who digs5 hills because they do aspire,

    Throws down one mountain to cast up a higher.

    O, my distressèd lord, even such our griefs are:

    Here they are but felt, and seen with mischief’s eyes8,

    But like to groves, being topped9 they higher rise.

CLEON    O, Dionyza,

    Who wanteth11 food and will not say he wants it,

    Or can conceal his hunger till he famish?

    Our tongues our sorrows do sound deep,

    Our woes into the air, our eyes to weep

    Till tongues fetch breath that may proclaim them louder,

    That if heaven slumber while their creatures want,

    They may awake their helpers to comfort them.17

    I’ll then discourse18 our woes, felt several years,

    And wanting breath to speak19, help me with tears.

DIONYZA    I’ll do my best, sir.

CLEON    This Tarsus, o’er which I have the government,

    A city o’er whom plenty held full hand22,

    For riches23 strewed herself even in her streets,

    Whose towers bore heads so high they kissed the clouds,

    And strangers ne’er beheld, but wondered at25.

    Whose men and dames so jetted and adorned26,

    Like one another’s glass to trim them by27,

    Their tables were stored full to glad28 the sight,

    And not so much to feed on as delight.

    All poverty was scorned, and pride so great

    The name of help grew odious to repeat31.

DIONYZA    O, ’tis too true.

CLEON    But see what heaven can do by this our change33.

    These mouths who but of late earth, sea and air

    Were all too little to content and please,

    Although they gave their creatures in abundance,

    As houses are defiled for want37 of use,

    They are now starved for want of exercise.

    Those palates who, not yet two summers younger39,

    Must have inventions40 to delight the taste

    Would now be glad of bread and beg for it.

    Those mothers who to nuzzle up42 their babes

    Thought nought too curious43, are ready now

    To eat those little darlings whom they loved.

    So sharp are hunger’s teeth, that man and wife,

    Draw lots who first shall die to lengthen life46.

    Here stands a lord, and there a lady, weeping.

    Here many sink, yet those which see them fall,

    Have scarce strength left to give them burial.

    Is not this true?

DIONYZA    Our cheeks and hollow eyes do witness it.

CLEON    O, let those cities that of plenty’s cup

    And her prosperities so largely53 taste

    With their superfluous riots, hear these tears54!

    The misery of Tarsus may be theirs.

Enter a Lord

LORD    Where’s the lord governor?

CLEON    Here.

    Speak out thy sorrows, which thou bring’st in haste,

    For comfort is too far for us to expect.

LORD    We have descried60 upon our neighbouring shore,

    A portly sail of ships make hitherward61.

CLEON    I thought as much.

    One sorrow never comes but brings an heir,

    That may succeed as his inheritor.

    And so in ours: some neighbouring nation,

    Taking advantage of our misery,

    Hath stuffed the hollow vessels with their power67,

    To beat us down, the which are down already,

    And make a conquest of unhappy69 me,

    Whereas no glory’s got to overcome70.

LORD    That’s the least fear71, for by the semblance

    Of their white flags72 displayed, they bring us peace,

    And come to us as favourers73, not as foes.

CLEON    Thou speak’st like him’s untutored to repeat74:

    Who75 makes the fairest show means most deceit.

    But bring they what they will and what they can,

    What need we fear?

    The ground’s the lowest, and we are halfway there78.

    Go tell their general we attend him here,

    To know from whence he comes and what he craves.

LORD    I go, my lord.