The Rent of Land is the Excess of its Return above the Return to the worst Land in Cultivation.

  • § 4. —Or to the Capital employed in the least advantageous Circumstances.
  • § 5. Opposing Views of the Law of Rent.
  • § 6. Rent does not enter into the Cost of Production of Agricultural Produce.
  • Book III. Exchange.
  • Chapter I. Of Value.
  • § 1. Definitions of Value in Use, Exchange Value, and Price.
  • § 2. Conditions of Value: Utility, Difficulty of Attainment, and Transferableness.
  • § 3. Commodities limited in Quantity by the law of Demand and Supply: General working of this Law.
  • § 4. Miscellaneous Cases falling under this Law.
  • § 5. Commodities which are Susceptible of Indefinite Multiplication without Increase of Cost. Law of their Value Cost of Production.
  • § 6. The Value of these Commodities confirm, in the long run, to their Cost of Production through the operation of Demand and Supply.
  • Chapter II. Ultimate Analysis Of Cost Of Production.
  • § 1. Of Labor, the principal Element in Cost of Production.
  • § 2. Wages affect Values, only if different in different employments; “non-competing groups.”
  • § 3. Profits an element in Cost of Production.
  • § 4. Cost of Production properly represented by sacrifice, or cost, to the Laborer as well as to the Capitalist; the relation of this conception to the Cost of Labor.
  • § 5. When profits vary from Employment to Employment, or are spread over unequal lengths of Time, they affect Values accordingly.
  • § 6. Occasional Elements in Cost of Production; taxes and ground-rent.
  • Chapter III. Of Rent, In Its Relation To Value.
  • § 1. Commodities which are susceptible of indefinite Multiplication, but not without increase of Cost. Law of their Value, Cost of Production in the most unfavorable existing circumstances.
  • § 2. Such commodities, when Produced in circumstances more favorable, yield a Rent equal to the difference of Cost.
  • § 3. Rent of Mines and Fisheries and ground-rent of Buildings, and cases of gain analogous to Rent.
  • § 4. Résumé of the laws of value of each of the three classes of commodities.
  • Chapter IV. Of Money.
  • § 1. The three functions of Money—a Common Denominator of Value, a Medium of Exchange, a “Standard of Value”.
  • § 2. Gold and Silver, why fitted for those purposes.
  • § 3. Money a mere contrivance for facilitating exchanges, which does not affect the laws of value.
  • Chapter V.