Too much the
dutiful son to abandon his law books, he spent an equal amount of time reading
novels, poetry and plays, going without sleep to accommodate both fields of
study. The théâtre had been closed in the early months of the 1848 revolution,
but there was plenty to interest a young man determined to make the most of
what the capital had to offer. Relations of his mother who had settled in Paris
introduced Jules to literary salons that he attended as often as his resources
would permit. Above all, he hoped to meet the author and playright Alexandre
Dumas the elder, whom he described as ‘that demigod’. [ii] The longed-for introduction was effected
and the hospitable Dumas took Jules under his wing, encouraging his interest in
literature and the theatre. Within weeks of arriving in Paris, Jules was
writing to his father of ‘the new and marvellous pleasure to be in immediate
contact with literature’[iii]
- sentiments that produced a flurry of anxious letters from Nantes that Jules
soon learned to parry deftly. Inspired by Dumas, he began to concentrate on
dramatic writing, and in the course of 1849 managed to complete a five-act
tragedy, a two-act farce and a one-act comedy called Broken Straw, in
addition to pursuing his legal and literary studies. The Paris théâtre reopened
the same year and in 1850 Dumas, who was director of the Théâtre Historique,
edited and produced Jules’s Broken Straw; it ran for twelve performances
and attracted reviews that were kind, if not over-enthusiastic.
Jules spent two years in frantic
activity, studying, writing, journeying to Nantes in the holidays to reassure
his father, then returning to Paris to experiment with dramatic sketches and
libretti. On passing his final law examinations, Jules refused the summons to
return to Nantes, writing to his father - ‘I may become a good writer, but I
shall never be anything but a poor lawyer... The only career for which I am
really suited is the one I am already pursuing: literature.’[iv] Sustained by a small parental
allowance, Jules stayed on in Paris and plunged into a punishing daily régime
that began at five in the morning with a writing session, followed by research
and study in the Bibliothèque Nationale, and ended with more writing late into
the night. A meeting with the explorer and writer Jacques Arago had prompted
Jules to add science to the list of his interests and he followed the latest
discoveries in many fields assiduously, noting the results of his research on
meticulous data cards that ultimately numbered over 20,000. He experimented
feverishly with different forms of writing and in 1851 dashed off two short but
promising works of prose fiction that were published in the journal Musée
des Families, but his obsession with the theatre led him to concentrate on
writing comedies, dramas and libretti, very few of which were ever published or
performed.
In 1852, Jules became secretary
of Paris’s Théâtre Lyrique, a position that entailed the demanding
responsibilities of dealing with artistes, producing posters and seeing to all
the details of stage management for little or no pay, but with the possibility
of making contacts that would enable him to get his plays produced - a hope in
which he was to be disappointed. Despite his dedication to the dramatic arts
and his capacity for hard work, his temperament and talents were not ideally
suited to the milieu he longed to enter or the theatrical pieces he struggled
to write. Although he was witty and his gift for clever repartee was much
admired among the circle of young artists and writers who surrounded Alexandre
Dumas, Jules lacked the bonhomie that makes for success in theatrical
circles. He did not make friends easily, had no time for conventional social
pleasantries, and his manner struck many as curt and abrupt. As one of his
friends put it, ‘he is a mixture of coldness and sensibility, of dryness and
gentleness... like tempered steel he bends for those who are his friends, and
remains stiff before those who are strangers’, while another observed ‘when one
has the key one can see into him, but nothing will ever make him expansive
about himself. [v]
The key to Jules’s character lay largely in the prudent provincial values and
stern moral principles that he seemed, at this stage in his life, to be trying
to slough off like an unwanted skin. He had a seriousness of character that was
utterly at odds with the frivolity of the theatrical farces then in vogue, and
he had a deep dislike of emotional display that prevented him from writing
convincingly excessive melodramas. Above all, he had a literal mind that always
took precedence over his imagination. He could not abandon himself to flights
of fancy unless he was convinced of the soundness of the premises on which the
actions were predicated, and this more than anything explains his inability to
produce convincing comedies of manners and emotional tragedies in which the
characters and values were so different to his own.
Pierre Verne considered Jules’s
association with the Théâtre Lyrique ‘bizarre’; [vi]
resigned to the fact that his son would never be a lawyer, he had come to
believe that Jules could become a good writer if his talents were directed into
the right channels. In the same year that he joined the theatre, Jules wrote a
third novella for the Musée called Martin Paz, based largely on
Jacques Arago’s adventures in South America. Albeit in rudimentary form, this
work displayed many of the elements that would typify Jules’s later books - the
combination of imagination and solid fact, a visual approach to narrative and a
concern with social issues - in this case the predicament of peoples of mixed
race in Peru. On reading Martin Paz, Pierre Verne decided that Jules’s
true forte was the novel, and tried to divert him from the theatre without
success. The impasse continued until 1855 when Jules left the Théâtre Lyrique
having failed to make his mark as a dramatist or impresario, but having
overworked himself to the extent that he acquired a facial tic that would recur
throughout his life in times of stress. He returned to the solitary life of a
writer, and immersed himself in work. His passion for science now nearly
equalled that for the stage, and he applied himself to trying to develop a new
style of scientific writing in which technical phrases could be integrated into
ordinary language, thus making science accessible and avoiding cumbersome
academic periphrases. In his approach to science he represented the viewpoint
of the intelligent and well-informed layman interested less in pure theory than
in its practical application, and he most admired engineers, explorers and
other men of action whose exploits and invention put theory into practice.
While not a scientist himself, he numbered many eminent scientists among his
acquaintances, and would often meet with them to discuss the latest scientific
theories and technological innovations. But the theatre continued to distract
him and he carried on writing unsuccessful comedies and plays.
Pierre Verne continued to provide
encouragement and financial assistance, but his confidence in his son’s future
received a heavy blow in 1856 when Jules fell in love with Honorine Morel, a
widow with two children, and announced that he wished to marry and to go into
stockbroking in partnership with Honorine’s brother. ‘One more illusion gone -
my son, instead of being a writer, is to become a stock-jobber’[vii] lamented Pierre Verne, but he
bought Jules a share in a stockbroking business and Jules married Honorine in
1857.
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