The Shorter Poems

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PENGUIN ENGLISH POETS

GENERAL EDITOR: CHRISTOPHER RICKS

EDMUND SPENSER: THE SHORTER POEMS

EDMUND SPENSER was born in London, probably in 1552, and was educated at the Merchant Taylors’ School, from which he proceeded to Pembroke College, Cambridge. There he met Gabriel Harvey, scholar and University Orator, who exerted a considerable influence on his first important poem, The Shepheardes Calender (1579) and with whom he collaborated on a volume of familiar letters (1580). He graduated BA in 1573 and proceeded MA in 1576. By 1578 he was employed as secretary to John Young, Bishop of Rochester, formerly Master of Pembroke College. He may have also served briefly in the household of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, where it is commonly assumed that he met the Earl’s nephew, Sir Philip Sidney, to whom The Shepheardes Calender is dedicated. In 1580 he went to Ireland as Secretary to Lord Grey de Wilton, Lord Deputy of Ireland, and stayed there for much of the remainder of his life, eventually becoming an undertaker in the Plantation of Munster. While at Kilcolman, his estate in County Cork, he met or reacquainted himself with his neighbour, Sir Walter Ralegh, with whom he travelled to London in 1589 to present the first three books of The Faerie Queene (1590) to its dedicatee, Queen Elizabeth, who rewarded him with an annual pension of fifty pounds. 1591 saw the publication of Complaints and Daphnaïda, the former exciting political controversy owing to the criticism of Lord Burghley contained in Mother Hubberds Tale. Spenser’s marriage to Elizabeth Boyle was celebrated in his Amoretti and Epithalamion (1595), and his pastoral eclogue, Colin Clovts Come Home Againe, appeared in the same year. In 1596 he brought out the second three books of The Faerie Queene as well as his Fowre Hymnes and Prothalamion. In 1598 his estate was burned during the Tyrone rebellion, and he fled to Cork and thence to London, where he died in 1599. He was buried in Westminster Abbey and posthumously celebrated as the ‘Prince of Poets’. In 1609 a folio edition of The Faerie Queene appeared, including the previously unpublished ‘Mutabilitie Cantos’, followed, in 1611, by a folio edition of the complete poetical works. A View of the Present State of Ireland, written in 1596, was published by Sir James Ware in 1633.

RICHARD A. McCABE is a Fellow of Merton College and Reader in English at Oxford University. He was formerly Drapers’ Research Fellow at Pembroke College, Cambridge and a Fellow of Trinity College Dublin. His publications include, Joseph Hall: A Study in Satire and Meditation (1982), The Pillars of Eternity: Time and Providence in ‘The Faerie Queene’ (1989), Incest, Drama and Nature’s Law (1993) and Presenting Poetry: Composition, Publication, Reception (1995), co-edited with Howard Erskine-Hill.

EDMUND SPENSER

The Shorter Poems

Edited by RICHARD A. McCABE

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Published in Penguin Books 1999

9

Editorial material copyright © Richard A. McCabe, 1999

All rights reserved

The moral right of the editor has been asserted

Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser

ISBN: 9781101492093

CONTENTS

ILLUSTRATIONS

CHRONOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

FROM A THEATRE FOR WORLDLINGS

Epigrams

Sonets

THE SHEPHEARDES CALENDER

Januarye

Februarie

March

Aprill

Maye

June

Julye

August

September

October

Nouember

December

FROM LETTERS (1580)

COMPLAINTS

The Ruines of Time

The Teares of the Muses

Virgils Gnat

Prosopopoia. Or Mother Hubberds Tale

Ruines of Rome: by Bellay

Mviopotmos

Visions of the Worlds Vanitie

The Visions of Bellay

The Visions of Petrarch

DAPHNAÏDA

COLIN CLOVTS COME HOME AGAINE

Colin Clovts Come Home Againe

Astrophel

Dolefull Lay of Clorinda

AMORETTI AND EPITHALAMION

Amoretti

Anacreontics

Epithalamion

FOWRE HYMNES

An Hymne in Honovr of Love

An Hymne in Honovr of Beavtie

An Hymne of Heavenly Love

An Hymne of Heavenly Beavtie

PROTHALAMION

COMMENDATORY SONNETS

ATTRIBUTED VERSES

NOTES

Abbreviations

GLOSSARY OF COMMON TERMS

TEXTUAL APPARATUS

FURTHER READING

ILLUSTRATIONS

All of the illustrations are by courtesy of the Bodleian Library with the exception of those from Daphnaïda and Amoretti and Epithalamion which are reproduced by permission of the British Library. Details of the editions used are supplied in the Textual Apparatus.

A THEATRE FOR WORLDLINGS, title-page

Epigram 1

Epigram 2

Epigram 3

Epigram 4

Epigram 5

Epigram 6

Sonet 2

Sonet 3

Sonet 4

Sonet 5

Sonet 6

Sonet 7

Sonet 8

Sonet 9

Sonet 10

Sonet 11

Sonet 12

Sonet 13

Sonet 14

Sonet 15

THE SHEPHEARDES CALENDER, title-page

Januarye

Februarie

March

Aprill

Maye

June

Julye

August

September

October

Nouember

December

LETTERS (1580), title-page

COMPLAINTS, title-page

The Teares of the Muses, title-page

Prosopopoia. Or Mother Hubberds Tale, title-page

Mviopotmos, title-page

DAPHNAÏDA, title-page

COLIN CLOVTS COME HOME AGAINE, title-page

Astrophel, title-page

AMORETTI AND EPITHALAMION, title-page

Epithalamion, title-page

FOWRE HYMNES, title-page

PROTHALAMION, title-page

CHRONOLOGY

1547

Death of Henry VIII. Accession of Edward VI.

1552?

Birth of Spenser in London (but the date is uncertain and may be as late as 1554).

1553

Death of Edward VI. Accession of Mary Tudor.

1554

Birth of Sir Philip Sidney. Mary weds the future Philip II of Spain.

1556

Accession of Philip II to the Spanish throne.

1558

Death of Mary Tudor. Accession of Elizabeth I.

1561–9

Spenser attends the Merchant Taylors’ School under Richard Mulcaster.

1564

Birth of Shakespeare and Marlowe.

1566

Birth of James VI of Scotland.

1567

Revolt of the Low Countries.

1568

Mary Queen of Scots flies to England.

1569

Publication of A Theatre for Worldlings with translations by Spenser. Spenser matriculates at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge.

1570

Excommunication of Elizabeth I.

1572

Massacre of St Bartholomew’s Day in France.

1573

Spenser graduates BA.

1576

Spenser proceeds MA.

1578

Spenser acts as secretary to John Young, Bishop of Rochester.

1579

Publication of The Shepheardes Calender. Spenser is believed to have wed his first wife, Maccabaeus Chylde on 27 October. Outbreak of the Desmond Rebellion in Munster.

1580

Publication of the Spenser–Harvey Letters. Spenser travels to Ireland as secretary to Lord Arthur Grey, the newly appointed Lord Deputy.