What is more, it would seem that the women
themselves, most interested in the immunities of their sex, were,
among the lower classes, accustomed to regard such marriages as
that which is presently to be detailed as "pretty Fanny's way," or
rather, the way of Donald with pretty Fanny. It is not a great many
years since a respectable woman, above the lower rank of life,
expressed herself very warmly to the author on his taking the
freedom to censure the behaviour of the MacGregors on the occasion
in question. She said "that there was no use in giving a bride too
much choice upon such occasions; that the marriages were the
happiest long syne which had been done offhand." Finally, she
averred that her "own mother had never seen her father till the
night he brought her up from the Lennox, with ten head of black
cattle, and there had not been a happier couple in the
country."
James Drummond and his brethren having similar opinions with the
author's old acquaintance, and debating how they might raise the
fallen fortunes of their clan, formed a resolution to settle their
brother's fortune by striking up an advantageous marriage betwixt
Robin Oig and one Jean Key, or Wright, a young woman scarce twenty
years old, and who had been left about two months a widow by the
death of her husband. Her property was estimated at only from
16,000 to 18,000 merks, but it seems to have been sufficient
temptation to these men to join in the commission of a great
crime.
This poor young victim lived with her mother in her own house at
Edinbilly, in the parish of Balfron and shire of Stirling. At this
place, in the night of 3d December 1750, the sons of Rob Roy, and
particularly James Mhor and Robin Oig, rushed into the house where
the object of their attack was resident, presented guns, swords,
and pistols to the males of the family, and terrified the women by
threatening to break open the doors if Jean Key was not
surrendered, as, said James Roy, "his brother was a young fellow
determined to make his fortune." Having, at length, dragged the
object of their lawless purpose from her place of concealment, they
tore her from her mother's arms, mounted her on a horse before one
of the gang, and carried her off in spite, of her screams and
cries, which were long heard after the terrified spectators of the
outrage could no longer see the party retreat through the darkness.
In her attempts to escape, the poor young woman threw herself from
the horse on which they had placed her, and in so doing wrenched
her side. They then laid her double over the pummel of the saddle,
and transported her through the mosses and moors till the pain of
the injury she had suffered in her side, augmented by the
uneasiness of her posture, made her consent to sit upright. In the
execution of this crime they stopped at more houses than one, but
none of the inhabitants dared interrupt their proceedings. Amongst
others who saw them was that classical and accomplished scholar the
late Professor William Richardson of Glasgow, who used to describe
as a terrible dream their violent and noisy entrance into the house
where he was then residing. The Highlanders filled the little
kitchen, brandishing their arms, demanding what they pleased, and
receiving whatever they demanded. James Mhor, he said, was a tall,
stern, and soldier-like man. Robin Oig looked more gentle; dark,
but yet ruddy in complexion—a good-looking young savage. Their
victim was so dishevelled in her dress, and forlorn in her
appearance and demeanour, that he could hardly tell whether she was
alive or dead.
The gang carried the unfortunate woman to Rowardennan, where
they had a priest unscrupulous enough to read the marriage service,
while James Mhor forcibly held the bride up before him; and the
priest declared the couple man and wife, even while she protested
against the infamy of his conduct. Under the same threats of
violence, which had been all along used to enforce their scheme,
the poor victim was compelled to reside with the pretended husband
who was thus forced upon her. They even dared to carry her to the
public church of Balquhidder, where the officiating clergyman (the
same who had been Rob Roy's pensioner) only asked them if they were
married persons. Robert MacGregor answered in the affirmative; the
terrified female was silent.
The country was now too effectually subjected to the law for
this vile outrage to be followed by the advantages proposed by the
actors, Military parties were sent out in every direction to seize
the MacGregors, who were for two or three weeks compelled to shift
from one place to another in the mountains, bearing the unfortunate
Jean Key along with them. In the meanwhile, the Supreme Civil Court
issued a warrant, sequestrating the property of Jean Key, or
Wright, which removed out of the reach of the actors in the
violence the prize which they expected. They had, however, adopted
a belief of the poor woman's spirit being so far broken that she
would prefer submitting to her condition, and adhering to Robin Oig
as her husband, rather than incur the disgrace, of appearing in
such a cause in an open court. It was, indeed, a delicate
experiment; but their kinsman Glengyle, chief of their immediate
family, was of a temper averse to lawless proceedings;* and the
captive's friends having had recourse to his advice, they feared
that he would withdraw his protection if they refused to place the
prisoner at liberty.
* Such, at least, was his general character; for when James
Mhor, while perpetrating the violence at Edinbilly, called out, in
order to overawe opposition, that Glengyle was lying in the moor
with a hundred men to patronise his enterprise, Jean Key told him
he lied, since she was confident Glengyle would never countenance
so scoundrelly a business.
The brethren resolved, therefore, to liberate the unhappy woman,
but previously had recourse to every measure which should oblige
her, either from fear or otherwise, to own her marriage with Robin
Oig. The cailliachs (old Highland hags) administered drugs, which
were designed to have the effect of philtres, but were probably
deleterious. James Mhor at one time threatened, that if she did not
acquiesce in the match she would find that there were enough of men
in the Highlands to bring the heads of two of her uncles who were
pursuing the civil lawsuit. At another time he fell down on his
knees, and confessed he had been accessory to wronging her, but
begged she would not ruin his innocent wife and large family. She
was made to swear she would not prosecute the brethren for the
offence they had committed; and she was obliged by threats to
subscribe papers which were tendered to her, intimating that she
was carried off in consequence of her own previous request.
James Mhor Drummond accordingly brought his pretended
sister-in-law to Edinburgh, where, for some little time, she was
carried about from one house to another, watched by those with whom
she was lodged, and never permitted to go out alone, or even to
approach the window. The Court of Session, considering the
peculiarity of the case, and regarding Jean Key as being still
under some forcible restraint, took her person under their own
special charge, and appointed her to reside in the family of Mr.
Wightman of Mauldsley, a gentleman of respectability, who was
married to one of her near relatives. Two sentinels kept guard on
the house day and night—a precaution not deemed superfluous when
the MacGregors were in question. She was allowed to go out whenever
she chose, and to see whomsoever she had a mind, as well as the men
of law employed in the civil suit on either side. When she first
came to Mr. Wightman's house she seemed broken down with affright
and suffering, so changed in features that her mother hardly knew
her, and so shaken in mind that she scarce could recognise her
parent. It was long before she could be assured that she was in
perfect safely. But when she at length received confidence in her
situation, she made a judicial declaration, or affidavit, telling
the full history of her wrongs, imputing to fear her former silence
on the subject, and expressing her resolution not to prosecute
those who had injured her, in respect of the oath she had been
compelled to take. From the possible breach of such an oath, though
a compulsory one, she was relieved by the forms of Scottish
jurisprudence, in that respect more equitable than those of
England, prosecutions for crimes being always conducted at the
expense and charge of the King, without inconvenience or cost to
the private party who has sustained the wrong.
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